Lis D Hammond
Teesside University, UK
Title: The integrative model of adjustment to chronic conditions: Towards clinical testing and impact in chronic pain
Biography
Biography: Lis D Hammond
Abstract
Statement of the Problem: A range of psychosocial factors impact on chronic pain, function and poor adjustment has negative consequences for e.g. mental health, activities of daily living and quality of life. Around a third of people attending specialist clinics need clinical intervention for adjustment difficulties. Hammond & Hirst-Winthrop proposed an integrative model of adjustment to chronic conditions (IMACC) based on a grounded theory study into type 2 diabetes. The model is directly clinically applicable as an assessment and intervention tool for people struggling to adjust. This paper reports on preparations for clinical testing in chronic pain.
Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: In order to evidence applicability to chronic pain, a theoretical review aimed to link key theories and standard interventions to the IMACC. This was followed by identification of a testing design and development of assessment, treatment and test study protocols.
Findings: All components of the IMACC could be linked to one or more key theories in chronic pain. Furthermore, the IMACC showed compatibility with a range of multidisciplinary interventions in standard practice. A multiple baseline single case experimental study design was identified as an appropriate first level testing of the IMACC and behavioural outcome measures were identified.
Conclusion & Significance: The theoretical evidence points towards application of the IMACC to chronic pain, which warrants clinical testing of the model. The chosen study design aims to demonstrate clinical effectiveness of the IMACC before progressing to comparative studies.